diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index 10857dc..0df2a76 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -112,3 +112,6 @@ venv*/
 data_xtdata_stage/
 *.bak
 *.bak.*
+
+# 合成层权重档案(L1模型权重/L2人工覆盖唯一事实源,须入库)
+!sanguo_factor/weight_profiles/*.json
diff --git a/sanguo_factor/__init__.py b/sanguo_factor/__init__.py
index e26f172..2c86d0d 100644
--- a/sanguo_factor/__init__.py
+++ b/sanguo_factor/__init__.py
@@ -3,3 +3,4 @@ from . import library  # noqa: F401  (triggers _register_all to register built-i
 from . import alpha_datasets  # noqa: F401  挂载 Alpha101/158(导入即注册)
 from . import fundamental_library  # noqa: F401  财务因子 P0 批(导入即注册)
 from . import composite_library  # noqa: F401  合成层 v1(导入即注册,源依赖前三个)
+from . import composite_weighting  # noqa: F401  合成层 v2a(权重档案,导入即注册)
diff --git a/sanguo_factor/composite_weighting.py b/sanguo_factor/composite_weighting.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3c331f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sanguo_factor/composite_weighting.py
@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+"""合成层 v2a(Weighting): 三层权重档案——L1 模型权重 + L2 人工覆盖 + L3 表达式装配.
+
+权重专题拍板的 v2a 落地: 在 v1.1 等权 baseline 之上,把 12 量价源权重从
+模型拟合(L1)与人工干预(L2)两轨合成,装配成带权合成表达式因子
+composite_quant12_v2a;方向/包裹口径完全复用 composite_library v1.1
+(rank_term/_embed_term,不复制实现).
+
+三层语义:
+- L1 模型权重层: weight_profiles/*.json 档案(sources.{src}.weight =
+  fit_icir 拟合权重,非负、sum≈1),档案是唯一事实源,代码零硬编码权重;
+- L2 覆盖层(overrides): 人工干预双轨验盘——每项 {source, weight, reason}
+  替换对应源权重后**全组重归一化** sum=1(reason 必填=干预留痕;重归一而非
+  局部缩放: 人工降权某源,其余源按 L1 相对结构分享余量);
+- L3 表达式层: build_weighted_expression 拼接 (Σ w_i·项_i) / Σw_i,
+  权重 6 位定点落表达式(可复现、可 diff).
+
+与 v1.1 关系: composite_quant12/fund6/all18 等权式零改动(v1.1 测试锁死);
+v2a 为独立注册名.档案 sources 方向表须与 composite_library.QUANT_SOURCES
+逐对一致(硬校验——档案只给权重,方向唯一权威在代码源表,防两轨漂移).
+幂等: 注册名已存在直接跳过(与 composite_library._register_all 同语义).
+"""
+import json
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from . import composite_library
+from .registry import register_factor, get_factor, _REGISTRY
+
+# 默认 L1 档案: 相对本文件定位(与代码同仓同版本,不依赖 cwd)
+_DEFAULT_PROFILE_PATH = Path(__file__).parent / "weight_profiles" / "quant12_icirfit_v1.json"
+_DEFAULT_COMPOSITE_NAME = "composite_quant12_v2a"
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class WeightProfile:
+    """三层权重档案(不可变值对象)."""
+
+    profile_id: str
+    name: str
+    method: str
+    sources: dict[str, tuple[str, float]]  # 源名 → (方向 "+"/"-", L1 权重)
+    overrides: tuple[dict, ...]             # L2 覆盖项 {source, weight, reason}
+    metadata: dict                          # 档案其余字段(fit_window/baseline 等)
+
+
+def load_profile(path: str) -> WeightProfile:
+    """读 JSON 档案并校验,违例 raise ValueError(带清晰信息,fail-fast).
+
+    校验: 权重全 ≥0 且和 >0 / override 源 ∈ sources / override 权重 ≥0 /
+    override reason 非空(人工干预必须留痕).
+    """
+    with open(path, encoding="utf-8") as f:
+        raw = json.load(f)
+    for key in ("profile_id", "name", "method", "sources"):
+        if key not in raw:
+            raise ValueError(f"权重档案缺必填字段 {key!r}: {path}")
+
+    sources: dict[str, tuple[str, float]] = {}
+    for src, info in raw["sources"].items():
+        direction, weight = info.get("direction"), info.get("weight")
+        if direction not in ("+", "-"):
+            raise ValueError(f"源 {src} 方向非法(须 '+'/'-'): {direction!r}")
+        if not isinstance(weight, (int, float)) or weight < 0:
+            raise ValueError(f"源 {src} 权重非法(须为 ≥0 数值): {weight!r}")
+        sources[src] = (direction, float(weight))
+    if sum(w for _d, w in sources.values()) <= 0:
+        raise ValueError(f"全部源权重和须 > 0: {path}")
+
+    overrides = []
+    for ov in raw.get("overrides", []):
+        src, weight, reason = ov.get("source"), ov.get("weight"), ov.get("reason")
+        if src not in sources:
+            raise ValueError(f"override 引用 sources 之外的源: {src!r}")
+        if not isinstance(weight, (int, float)) or weight < 0:
+            raise ValueError(f"override[{src}] 权重非法(须为 ≥0 数值): {weight!r}")
+        if not isinstance(reason, str) or not reason.strip():
+            raise ValueError(f"override[{src}] 缺非空 reason(人工干预必须留痕)")
+        overrides.append(dict(ov))
+
+    metadata = {k: v for k, v in raw.items()
+                if k not in ("profile_id", "name", "method", "sources", "overrides")}
+    return WeightProfile(raw["profile_id"], raw["name"], raw["method"],
+                         sources, tuple(overrides), metadata)
+
+
+def resolve_weights(profile: WeightProfile) -> dict[str, float]:
+    """L2 覆盖层语义: 从 L1 权重出发,逐 override 替换对应源权重,再全组重归一化 sum=1.
+
+    无 override 时 = L1 原样(L1 档案本身已归一,重除仅消浮点归一误差).
+    """
+    weights = {src: w for src, (_d, w) in profile.sources.items()}
+    for ov in profile.overrides:
+        weights[ov["source"]] = float(ov["weight"])
+    total = sum(weights.values())
+    return {src: w / total for src, w in weights.items()}
+
+
+def build_weighted_expression(terms: list[tuple[str, float]]) -> str:
+    """加权和拼接: (w1 * (项1) + ... ) / Σw,权重与和均 6 位定点(可 diff)."""
+    sum_w = sum(w for _expr, w in terms)
+    return "(" + " + ".join(f"{w:.6f} * ({expr})" for expr, w in terms) \
+        + f") / {sum_w:.6f}"
+
+
+def register_composite_from_profile(profile: WeightProfile, name: str) -> None:
+    """按档案权重注册合成因子(幂等,名字已注册跳过).
+
+    档案 sources 方向表须与 composite_library.QUANT_SOURCES 完全一致
+    (名字集合 + direction 逐对相等,不一致 raise ValueError——先于幂等跳过,
+    漂移不被静默吞掉);项形态按源 category 走 rank_term/_embed_term
+    (复用 v1.1 两函数,口径不漂移);源因子必须已注册(get_factor,缺则 raise).
+    """
+    expected = dict(composite_library.QUANT_SOURCES)
+    declared = {src: d for src, (d, _w) in profile.sources.items()}
+    if declared != expected:
+        raise ValueError(
+            "档案源方向表与 composite_library.QUANT_SOURCES 不一致"
+            "(名字集合+方向须逐对相等): "
+            f"档案={sorted(declared.items())} 期望={sorted(expected.items())}"
+        )
+    if name in _REGISTRY:
+        return
+
+    weights = resolve_weights(profile)
+    terms = []
+    for src_name, direction in composite_library.QUANT_SOURCES:  # 按源表顺序拼装
+        src = get_factor(src_name)
+        if src is None:
+            raise ValueError(f"合成源未注册: {src_name}")
+        if src["category"] == "fundamental":
+            term = composite_library._embed_term(src["expression"], direction)
+        else:
+            term = composite_library.rank_term(src["expression"], direction)
+        terms.append((term, weights[src_name]))
+    register_factor(name, build_weighted_expression(terms), category="composite")
+
+
+def _register_all() -> None:
+    """幂等注册默认 v2a 合成因子(先幂等重挂 v1.1 源,registry 被清后可独立重建)."""
+    composite_library._register_all()
+    register_composite_from_profile(load_profile(str(_DEFAULT_PROFILE_PATH)),
+                                    _DEFAULT_COMPOSITE_NAME)
+
+
+# 模块导入时自动注册(与 composite_library 同模式);失败给可读错误(fail-fast)
+try:
+    _register_all()
+except Exception as e:
+    raise ImportError(
+        f"合成层 v2a 默认权重档案加载/注册失败({_DEFAULT_PROFILE_PATH}): {e}"
+    ) from e
diff --git a/sanguo_factor/weight_profiles/quant12_icirfit_v1.json b/sanguo_factor/weight_profiles/quant12_icirfit_v1.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..09f1f28
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sanguo_factor/weight_profiles/quant12_icirfit_v1.json
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+{
+  "profile_id": "quant12-icirfit-v1",
+  "name": "quant12 v2a ICIR加权",
+  "method": "icir_fit",
+  "fit_window": {
+    "start": "2018-01",
+    "end": "2021-06",
+    "note": "724a批monthly_ic切片;2018前无量价批数据;月度IC均/std;horizon=5d;方向=v1.1已定不重选"
+  },
+  "constraints": {
+    "non_negative": true,
+    "cap_2x_mean": true,
+    "zeroed": [],
+    "capped": []
+  },
+  "sources": {
+    "vma_60": {
+      "direction": "+",
+      "fit_icir": 1.3831,
+      "weight": 0.095372
+    },
+    "alpha16": {
+      "direction": "+",
+      "fit_icir": 2.0816,
+      "weight": 0.143531
+    },
+    "alpha83": {
+      "direction": "+",
+      "fit_icir": 1.4861,
+      "weight": 0.10247
+    },
+    "alpha12": {
+      "direction": "+",
+      "fit_icir": 1.7292,
+      "weight": 0.119235
+    },
+    "alpha2": {
+      "direction": "+",
+      "fit_icir": 1.1575,
+      "weight": 0.079812
+    },
+    "alpha42": {
+      "direction": "+",
+      "fit_icir": 0.4906,
+      "weight": 0.03383
+    },
+    "vol_ma5": {
+      "direction": "-",
+      "fit_icir": 1.0462,
+      "weight": 0.07214
+    },
+    "wvma_20": {
+      "direction": "-",
+      "fit_icir": 0.9648,
+      "weight": 0.066525
+    },
+    "klow": {
+      "direction": "-",
+      "fit_icir": 1.3213,
+      "weight": 0.09111
+    },
+    "cord_5": {
+      "direction": "-",
+      "fit_icir": 1.271,
+      "weight": 0.087642
+    },
+    "kup": {
+      "direction": "-",
+      "fit_icir": 0.629,
+      "weight": 0.043373
+    },
+    "alpha81": {
+      "direction": "-",
+      "fit_icir": 0.9421,
+      "weight": 0.06496
+    }
+  },
+  "overrides": [],
+  "created": "2026-09-11",
+  "baseline": {
+    "profile": "equal-weight(v1.1)",
+    "h1_icir": 0.885,
+    "h2_icir": 0.735
+  }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/factor/test_composite_library.py b/tests/factor/test_composite_library.py
index 0462dbc..d256f4e 100644
--- a/tests/factor/test_composite_library.py
+++ b/tests/factor/test_composite_library.py
@@ -28,8 +28,10 @@ def _ensure_composite_registered():
 
 def test_three_composites_registered():
     facs = list_factors("composite")
-    assert {f["name"] for f in facs} == {"composite_quant12", "composite_fund6",
-                                         "composite_all18"}
+    # v2a 合成层(composite_quant12_v2a)导入即注册且同类;registry 被其它模块
+    # 清空后由本模块 fixture 只重挂 v1 三因子 → v2a 可在场可缺席,断言取超集
+    assert {"composite_quant12", "composite_fund6",
+            "composite_all18"} <= {f["name"] for f in facs}
 
 
 def test_source_tables_cover_18_independent_sources():
@@ -56,8 +58,9 @@ def test_quant_sources_direction_table():
 
 def test_registration_idempotent():
     import importlib
+    n_before = len(list_factors("composite"))
     importlib.reload(composite_library)
-    assert len(list_factors("composite")) == 3
+    assert len(list_factors("composite")) == n_before  # reload 不重复注册
 
 
 # ==================== 表达式构造契约 ====================
diff --git a/tests/factor/test_composite_weighting.py b/tests/factor/test_composite_weighting.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f705a6d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/factor/test_composite_weighting.py
@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
+# tests/factor/test_composite_weighting.py
+"""合成层 v2a(Weighting): 档案加载校验 + L2 覆盖归一 + 表达式拼接 + 注册幂等 + v1.1 回归."""
+import dataclasses
+import json
+import sys, os
+sys.path.insert(0, os.path.abspath(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "..", "..")))
+sys.path.insert(0, os.path.abspath(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "..", "..", "vnpy_v4.4.0")))
+
+import pytest
+
+from sanguo_factor import composite_library, composite_weighting
+from sanguo_factor.composite_library import rank_term
+from sanguo_factor.composite_weighting import (
+    WeightProfile, load_profile, resolve_weights, build_weighted_expression,
+    register_composite_from_profile,
+)
+from sanguo_factor.registry import get_factor
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
+def _ensure_v2a_registered():
+    """其它测试模块清空 _REGISTRY 后幂等重挂源+v2a(与 test_composite_library 同模式)."""
+    composite_weighting._register_all()
+
+
+# ==================== L1 档案加载与校验 ====================
+
+def _base_profile_dict() -> dict:
+    """2 源小例档案骨架(load/resolve 测试用,不依赖 12 源表;违例由调用方注入)."""
+    return {
+        "profile_id": "t-2src", "name": "t 2源", "method": "manual",
+        "sources": {
+            "a": {"direction": "+", "fit_icir": 1.0, "weight": 0.6},
+            "b": {"direction": "-", "fit_icir": 0.5, "weight": 0.4},
+        },
+        "overrides": [],
+    }
+
+
+def _write_profile(tmp_path, profile: dict) -> str:
+    """写临时档案 JSON(测试自建,不碰真档案)."""
+    p = tmp_path / "profile.json"
+    p.write_text(json.dumps(profile, ensure_ascii=False), encoding="utf-8")
+    return str(p)
+
+
+def test_load_real_archive_directions_match_v11_source_table():
+    """真档案(只读): 12 源方向表与 QUANT_SOURCES 逐对一致,权重全正且和 ≈1."""
+    profile = load_profile(str(composite_weighting._DEFAULT_PROFILE_PATH))
+    assert profile.profile_id == "quant12-icirfit-v1"
+    assert len(profile.sources) == 12
+    assert profile.overrides == ()
+    declared = {src: d for src, (d, _w) in profile.sources.items()}
+    assert declared == dict(composite_library.QUANT_SOURCES)
+    weights = [w for _d, w in profile.sources.values()]
+    assert min(weights) > 0
+    assert sum(weights) == pytest.approx(1.0)
+
+
+def test_load_real_archive_metadata_kept(tmp_path):
+    """真档案(只读): 档案其余字段(fit_window/baseline)归入 metadata 不丢失."""
+    profile = load_profile(str(composite_weighting._DEFAULT_PROFILE_PATH))
+    assert profile.method == "icir_fit"
+    assert profile.metadata["fit_window"]["start"] == "2018-01"
+    assert profile.metadata["baseline"]["h1_icir"] == 0.885
+    assert "sources" not in profile.metadata  # 已提字段不重复保留
+
+
+def test_load_rejects_negative_weight(tmp_path):
+    bad = _base_profile_dict()
+    bad["sources"]["a"]["weight"] = -0.2
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="权重"):
+        load_profile(_write_profile(tmp_path, bad))
+
+
+def test_load_rejects_all_zero_weights(tmp_path):
+    bad = _base_profile_dict()
+    bad["sources"]["a"]["weight"] = 0
+    bad["sources"]["b"]["weight"] = 0
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="> 0"):
+        load_profile(_write_profile(tmp_path, bad))
+
+
+def test_load_rejects_unknown_override_source(tmp_path):
+    bad = _base_profile_dict()
+    bad["overrides"] = [{"source": "ghost", "weight": 0.1, "reason": "盘感"}]
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="ghost"):
+        load_profile(_write_profile(tmp_path, bad))
+
+
+def test_load_rejects_empty_override_reason(tmp_path):
+    bad = _base_profile_dict()
+    bad["overrides"] = [{"source": "a", "weight": 0.1, "reason": "  "}]
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="reason"):
+        load_profile(_write_profile(tmp_path, bad))
+
+
+def test_load_rejects_negative_override_weight(tmp_path):
+    bad = _base_profile_dict()
+    bad["overrides"] = [{"source": "a", "weight": -0.1, "reason": "盘感"}]
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="override"):
+        load_profile(_write_profile(tmp_path, bad))
+
+
+# ==================== L2 覆盖层 resolve ====================
+
+def _profile(sources: dict, overrides: tuple = ()) -> WeightProfile:
+    return WeightProfile("t", "t", "manual", dict(sources), tuple(overrides), {})
+
+
+def test_resolve_without_override_equals_l1():
+    """无覆盖 = L1 原样(仅浮点归一误差)."""
+    got = resolve_weights(_profile({"a": ("+", 0.6), "b": ("-", 0.4)}))
+    assert got == pytest.approx({"a": 0.6, "b": 0.4})
+    assert sum(got.values()) == pytest.approx(1.0)
+
+
+def test_resolve_override_replaces_and_renormalizes():
+    """有覆盖: 替换对应源权重后全组重归一 sum=1,未覆盖源保持 L1 相对结构."""
+    profile = _profile(
+        {"a": ("+", 0.6), "b": ("-", 0.4)},
+        overrides=({"source": "a", "weight": 0.2, "reason": "盘感降权"},),
+    )
+    got = resolve_weights(profile)
+    assert got["a"] == pytest.approx(1 / 3)   # 0.2 / (0.2+0.4)
+    assert got["b"] == pytest.approx(2 / 3)   # 未覆盖,按 L1 结构分享余量
+    assert sum(got.values()) == pytest.approx(1.0)
+
+
+# ==================== L3 表达式拼接 ====================
+
+def test_build_weighted_expression_exact_string():
+    """拼接形态钉死: (w1*(项1) + w2*(项2)) / Σw,权重与和均 6 位定点."""
+    terms = [("cs_rank((close))", 0.25), ("cs_rank((volume))", 0.75)]
+    assert build_weighted_expression(terms) == \
+        "(0.250000 * (cs_rank((close))) + 0.750000 * (cs_rank((volume)))) / 1.000000"
+
+
+def test_build_weighted_expression_denominator_is_weight_sum():
+    """分母 = 权重和(非 1 归一假设): 0.2+0.3 → / 0.500000."""
+    assert build_weighted_expression([("x", 0.2), ("y", 0.3)]).endswith("/ 0.500000")
+
+
+# ==================== 注册与 v1.1 回归 ====================
+
+def test_v2a_registered_with_all_12_sources_and_profile_weights():
+    """composite_quant12_v2a 已注册: composite 类,12 源项齐且权重值=档案 resolve 结果."""
+    fac = get_factor("composite_quant12_v2a")
+    assert fac is not None and fac["category"] == "composite"
+    weights = resolve_weights(
+        load_profile(str(composite_weighting._DEFAULT_PROFILE_PATH)))
+    expr = fac["expression"]
+    for src, direction in composite_library.QUANT_SOURCES:
+        term = rank_term(get_factor(src)["expression"], direction)
+        assert f"{weights[src]:.6f} * ({term})" in expr, \
+            f"{src} 项缺失或权重不符"
+    assert expr.endswith(f") / {sum(weights.values()):.6f}")
+
+
+def test_register_rejects_direction_mismatch():
+    """档案方向表与 QUANT_SOURCES 不一致 → ValueError,且不注册."""
+    real = load_profile(str(composite_weighting._DEFAULT_PROFILE_PATH))
+    flipped = dict(real.sources)
+    src0, (d0, w0) = next(iter(flipped.items()))
+    flipped[src0] = ("-" if d0 == "+" else "+", w0)
+    bad = dataclasses.replace(real, sources=flipped)
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="QUANT_SOURCES"):
+        register_composite_from_profile(bad, "composite_quant12_v2a_bad")
+    assert get_factor("composite_quant12_v2a_bad") is None
+
+
+def test_register_idempotent_double_call_keeps_expression():
+    """重复注册不炸: 名字已注册直接跳过,表达式不变."""
+    before = get_factor("composite_quant12_v2a")["expression"]
+    profile = load_profile(str(composite_weighting._DEFAULT_PROFILE_PATH))
+    register_composite_from_profile(profile, "composite_quant12_v2a")
+    assert get_factor("composite_quant12_v2a")["expression"] == before
+
+
+def test_v11_regression_quant12_equal_weight_unchanged():
+    """v1.1 回归: 导入 v2a 后 composite_quant12 仍 == 独立重建的等权式(零影响)."""
+    expected = composite_library.build_composite_expression(
+        [rank_term(get_factor(n)["expression"], d)
+         for n, d in composite_library.QUANT_SOURCES]
+    )
+    assert get_factor("composite_quant12")["expression"] == expected