diff --git a/frontend/src/api/client.ts b/frontend/src/api/client.ts
index c76529a..7de1c78 100644
--- a/frontend/src/api/client.ts
+++ b/frontend/src/api/client.ts
@@ -8,9 +8,45 @@ export const apiClient = axios.create({
   timeout: 60000,
 })
 
-apiClient.interceptors.request.use((config) => {
+// P1.4 token 静默刷新:JWT 剩余 <10min 时单飞调 /auth/refresh 换新,
+// 长回测轮询不再因 60min 过期被 401 打断跳登录(401 拦截仍是兜底)。
+const REFRESH_AHEAD_SEC = 600
+let refreshPromise: Promise<void> | null = null
+
+function tokenExpSec(token: string): number | null {
+  try {
+    const b64 = token.split('.')[1].replace(/-/g, '+').replace(/_/g, '/')
+    const payload = JSON.parse(atob(b64)) as { exp?: unknown }
+    return typeof payload.exp === 'number' ? payload.exp : null
+  } catch {
+    return null
+  }
+}
+
+async function refreshToken(): Promise<void> {
+  const auth = useAuthStore()
+  try {
+    // 裸 axios(不走 apiClient):避免拦截器递归/mock 短路
+    const { data } = await axios.post('/api/v1/auth/refresh', null, {
+      headers: { Authorization: `Bearer ${auth.token}` },
+      timeout: 10000,
+    })
+    if (data?.token) auth.setToken(data.token as string, auth.username ?? '')
+  } catch {
+    // 刷新失败(如后端不可达):本次请求带旧 token 走,401 兜底处理
+  } finally {
+    refreshPromise = null
+  }
+}
+
+apiClient.interceptors.request.use(async (config) => {
   const auth = useAuthStore()
   if (auth.token) {
+    const exp = tokenExpSec(auth.token)
+    if (exp !== null && exp - Date.now() / 1000 < REFRESH_AHEAD_SEC) {
+      refreshPromise ??= refreshToken()
+      await refreshPromise
+    }
     config.headers.Authorization = `Bearer ${auth.token}`
   }
 
diff --git a/sanguo_api/auth.py b/sanguo_api/auth.py
index 2db600e..5689215 100644
--- a/sanguo_api/auth.py
+++ b/sanguo_api/auth.py
@@ -38,3 +38,18 @@ def verify_token(token: str) -> str:
         return payload["sub"]
     except jwt.PyJWTError:
         raise HTTPException(status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED, detail="无效 token")
+
+
+def token_expires_in() -> int:
+    """当前配置的 token 有效期(秒),登录/刷新响应的 expires_in。"""
+    return int(_CONFIG["expire_minutes"] * 60)
+
+
+def get_token_exp(token: str) -> int | None:
+    """解析 token 的 exp(unix 秒),不验签(供拦截器判断剩余时间);失败 → None。"""
+    try:
+        payload = jwt.decode(token, options={"verify_signature": False})
+        exp = payload.get("exp")
+        return int(exp) if exp is not None else None
+    except (jwt.PyJWTError, ValueError, TypeError):
+        return None
diff --git a/sanguo_api/routes.py b/sanguo_api/routes.py
index a5bd2bb..e92e254 100644
--- a/sanguo_api/routes.py
+++ b/sanguo_api/routes.py
@@ -6,7 +6,11 @@ from fastapi import APIRouter, HTTPException, Depends, WebSocket, Query, Header
 from fastapi.responses import FileResponse
 from pydantic import BaseModel
 from .schemas import CtaBacktestRequest, OptimizeRequest, FactorAnalysisRequest
-from .auth import verify_token as verify_token_impl, verify_password, create_token
+from .auth import (
+    create_token, token_expires_in,
+    verify_password,
+    verify_token as verify_token_impl,
+)
 from .ws import manager
 from .strategy_registry import list_strategies, strategy_params, get_strategy_class
 from .kline import load_kline
@@ -56,7 +60,19 @@ def login(req: LoginRequest):
     """Authenticate user and return JWT token"""
     if req.username != _auth_config["username"] or not verify_password(req.password, _auth_config["password_hash"]):
         raise HTTPException(status_code=401, detail="用户名或密码错误")
-    return {"token": create_token(req.username)}
+    return {"token": create_token(req.username), "expires_in": token_expires_in()}
+
+
+@router.post("/auth/refresh", dependencies=[Depends(verify_token)])
+def refresh_token(authorization: str | None = Header(None)):
+    """P1.4 静默刷新:仍有效的旧 token 换新 token。
+
+    过期 token 401(verify_token 拒)——不放过期续命;前端在剩余<10min 时
+    主动调本端点,长回测轮询不再因 60min 过期跳登录。单用户无 refresh
+    token 体系,滑动续期即够。
+    """
+    token = authorization.split(" ", 1)[1]
+    return {"token": create_token(verify_token_impl(token)), "expires_in": token_expires_in()}
 
 
 _BENCHMARKS = ("hs300", "zz500", "zz1000", "zz2000")
diff --git a/tests/api/test_auth.py b/tests/api/test_auth.py
index fbc2bb5..da965ef 100644
--- a/tests/api/test_auth.py
+++ b/tests/api/test_auth.py
@@ -22,3 +22,71 @@ def test_hash_and_verify_password():
     assert h != "mypass"
     assert verify_password("mypass", h) is True
     assert verify_password("wrong", h) is False
+
+
+# ---- P1.4 token 静默刷新 ----
+
+def test_token_expiry_helpers():
+    """get_token_exp 返回 unix 秒(供前端/拦截器判断剩余时间)。"""
+    import time
+    from sanguo_api.auth import create_token, get_token_exp, set_jwt_config
+    set_jwt_config(secret="test_secret", expire_minutes=60)
+    token = create_token("admin")
+    exp = get_token_exp(token)
+    assert exp is not None
+    assert abs(exp - (time.time() + 3600)) < 30  # ≈ now + 60min
+
+
+def test_refresh_endpoint_returns_new_valid_token():
+    """POST /auth/refresh:有效旧 token → 新 token(可过 verify),返回 expires_in。"""
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+
+    from sanguo_api.app import create_app
+    from sanguo_api.auth import hash_password, set_jwt_config, verify_token
+    set_jwt_config(secret="test_secret", expire_minutes=60)
+    app = create_app(db_path=":memory:", auth_config={
+        "username": "admin",
+        "password_hash": hash_password("pass123"),
+        "jwt_secret": "test_secret",
+        "expire_minutes": 60,
+    })
+    client = TestClient(app)
+    old = client.post("/api/v1/auth/login",
+                      json={"username": "admin", "password": "pass123"}).json()["token"]
+    r = client.post("/api/v1/auth/refresh",
+                    headers={"Authorization": f"Bearer {old}"})
+    assert r.status_code == 200
+    data = r.json()
+    # 同秒签发的 JWT 可能逐字相同,以 exp 语义断言续期
+    from sanguo_api.auth import get_token_exp
+    assert get_token_exp(data["token"]) >= get_token_exp(old)
+    assert verify_token(data["token"]) == "admin"
+    assert data["expires_in"] == 3600
+
+
+def test_refresh_endpoint_rejects_expired_or_missing_token():
+    """过期/缺 token → 401(不放过期 token 无限续命)。"""
+    import time
+
+    import jwt as pyjwt
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+
+    from sanguo_api.app import create_app
+    from sanguo_api.auth import hash_password, set_jwt_config
+    set_jwt_config(secret="test_secret", expire_minutes=60)
+    app = create_app(db_path=":memory:", auth_config={
+        "username": "admin",
+        "password_hash": hash_password("pass123"),
+        "jwt_secret": "test_secret",
+        "expire_minutes": 60,
+    })
+    client = TestClient(app)
+    # 无 header
+    assert client.post("/api/v1/auth/refresh").status_code == 401
+    # 过期 token(手工签一个已过期的)
+    expired = pyjwt.encode(
+        {"sub": "admin", "exp": int(time.time()) - 3600},
+        "test_secret", algorithm="HS256")
+    r = client.post("/api/v1/auth/refresh",
+                    headers={"Authorization": f"Bearer {expired}"})
+    assert r.status_code == 401